# get data from a .sas7bdat file

#library(sas7bdat)
budget=read.sas7bdat("budget.sas7bdat")

# for ease of use
attach(budget)
month.abb # gives a vector of months, abbreviated names
month.name # gives a vector of months, full names

# scatterplot
plot(Yr2007,Month)

# make it a bit prettier
# option xaxt = "n" removes the default x-axis labels
# axis(side,at= ,labels= ,...) will allow you to make changes to an axis
# side: 1=bottom, 2=left, 3=top, 4=right
# at: the points at which rick-marks are to be drawn (for 9 you input 1:9)
# labels: this can be a value, character, or expression vector of labels

plot(Month,Yr2007,main="Scatterplot of Monthly Budgets of 2007",col="red",pch=17,xaxt = "n",ylab='Budget')
axis(1, at=1:12, labels=month.abb)

# line plot (time-series)
# use type="l" option (it's not a one, it's a lowercase L)

plot(Month,Yr2007,type="l",main="Time Series of Monthly Budgets of 2007",col="red",pch=17,xaxt = "n",ylab='Budget')
axis(1, at=1:12, labels=month.abb)

# line plot with the points

plot(Month,Yr2007,type="b",main="Time Series of Monthly Budgets of 2007",col="red",pch=17,xaxt = "n",ylab='Budget')
axis(1, at=1:12, labels=month.abb)

hand=read.csv("handwashing.csv",header=T)
attach(hand)

# histograms
hist(Bacteria,freq=F,main="Normal Curve Over Histogram of Bacteria")

# histograms with density curve
xbar=mean(Bacteria)
stdev=sd(Bacteria)
hist(Bacteria,freq=F,main="Normal Curve Over Histogram of Bacteria")
curve(dnorm(x,xbar,stdev),col="darkblue",lwd=2,add=TRUE,yaxt="n")

xbar=mean(Bacteria)
stdev=sd(Bacteria)
hist(Bacteria,freq=F,main="Normal Curve Over Histogram of Bacteria",col=terrain.colors(5))
curve(dnorm(x,xbar,stdev),col="darkblue",lwd=2,add=TRUE,yaxt="n")

xbar=mean(Bacteria)
stdev=sd(Bacteria)
hist(Bacteria,freq=F,main="Normal Curve Over Histogram of Bacteria",col=heat.colors(5))
curve(dnorm(x,xbar,stdev),col="darkblue",lwd=2,add=TRUE,yaxt="n")

xbar=mean(Bacteria)
stdev=sd(Bacteria)
hist(Bacteria,freq=F,main="Normal Curve Over Histogram of Bacteria",col=grey.colors(5))
curve(dnorm(x,xbar,stdev),col="darkblue",lwd=2,add=TRUE,yaxt="n")

# grouped histograms
install.packages("lattice")
library(lattice)
histogram(~Bacteria | Method,data=hand,main="Histograms of Bacteria Counts by Method")
histogram(~Bacteria | Method,data=hand,main="Histograms of Bacteria Counts by Method",col=grey.colors(5))

# Boxplots
# boxplot of just counts
boxplot(Bacteria,main='Boxplot of Bacteria Counts')

# boxplot of counts by method
levels(hand$Method)=c('ABS','AS','S','W')
hand.names=c("Anti-Bacterial Soap","Alcohol Spray","Soap",'Water')
boxplot(Bacteria~Method,main='Bacteria Counts by Handwashing Method',xaxt="n")
axis(1,at=1:4,labels=levels(hand$Method))
legend('topleft',hand.names,cex=0.45)

# contour plot
# starting simple

data(volcano)
require(grDevices) # for colours and is part of the base packages -- no installation necessary
filled.contour(volcano, color = terrain.colors, asp = 1) 

# now with more bells and wistles

x <- 10*1:nrow(volcano)
y <- 10*1:ncol(volcano)
filled.contour(x, y, volcano, color = terrain.colors,
    plot.title = title(main = "The Topography of Maunga Whau",
    xlab = "Meters North", ylab = "Meters West"),
    plot.axes = { axis(1, seq(100, 800, by = 100))
                  axis(2, seq(100, 600, by = 100)) },
    key.title = title(main = "Height\n(meters)"),
    key.axes = axis(4, seq(90, 190, by = 10)))  # maybe also asp = 1
mtext(paste("filled.contour(.) from", R.version.string),
      side = 1, line = 4, adj = 1, cex = .66)